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cs249r_book vs ray

cs249r_book and ray share 59 technologies: async-lru, pyzmq, pyarrow, anyio, jupyter-core, jupyterlab-server, tornado, React, cycler, fonttools, jupyterlab-pygments, soupsieve, tinycss2, contourpy, ipywidgets, jupyter-server-terminals, jupyterlab-widgets, matplotlib-inline, prompt-toolkit, widgetsnbextension, Rich, matplotlib, Plotly, argon2-cffi, argon2-cffi-bindings, torch, transformers, torchvision, scikit-learn, nltk, bleach, defusedxml, jinja2, markdown-it-py, markupsafe, mdurl, mistune, nbconvert, pandocfilters, webencodings, xlrd, xmltodict, beautifulsoup4, pillow, lxml, nbformat, annotated-types, fastjsonschema, fqdn, jsonschema-specifications, referencing, rfc3339-validator, rfc3986-validator, Pydantic, jsonschema, pydantic-core, prometheus-client, python-json-logger, and psutil. Both are written in Python.

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What they share and what sets them apart

harvard-edge

cs249r_book

Machine Learning Systems: Foundations, Scaling, Agentic AI, and Physical AI (Vols I–IV) • Harvard CS249r | https://mlsysbook.ai

Python30kRead on November 8, 2026, at commit de87c01What is cs249r_book built with?

Only in cs249r_book

In common

ray-project

ray

Ray is an AI compute engine. Ray consists of a core distributed runtime and a set of AI Libraries for accelerating ML workloads.

Python44.2kRead on November 6, 2026, at commit 77567c5What is ray built with?

Only in ray

Side by side

SizeLines written by people and agents, without generated ones; code files, without tests.
cs249r_book821,581 lines written1,977 code files
ray1,531,664 lines written2,777 code files
Who writes itA commit counts as AI's when it carries its signature: a Co-Authored-By line, its author name or the merge of its branch.
cs249r_book2.7% of its commits signed by AIWith Codex, Claude Code, Gemini CLI, and Cursor
ray3.6% of its commits signed by AIWith Claude Code, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot, Cursor, and Codex
ActivityFrom GitHub and its history, on the day SeeRepo read it.
cs249r_bookLast push November 8, 202622,351 commits30,011 stars
rayLast push November 6, 202632,373 commits44,213 stars
TestsThe files that test the code, and the share of code files a test imports.
cs249r_book629 test files16.6% of its code files have a test that imports them
ray2,168 test files9.7% of its code files have a test that imports them

Frequently asked questions

Which is bigger, cs249r_book or ray?
ray, with 1,531,664 lines written; cs249r_book has 821,581.

The proof: ray-project/ray's code at commit 77567c5

Which has more GitHub stars, cs249r_book or ray?
ray, with 44,213 stars; cs249r_book has 30,011.

The proof: ray-project/ray on GitHub

Which has more tests, cs249r_book or ray?
ray, with 2,168 test files; cs249r_book has 629.

The proof: ray-project/ray's code at commit 77567c5

Which was updated more recently, cs249r_book or ray?
cs249r_book: its last push was on November 8, 2026, and ray's on November 6, 2026.

The proof: harvard-edge/cs249r_book's commits on GitHub

Which has more commits signed by AI, cs249r_book or ray?
ray: an AI signed 3.6% of its commits, with Claude Code, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot, Cursor, and Codex; in cs249r_book, 2.7%.

The proof: the commits each tool signed in ray-project/ray

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